Determination of acetaminophen and theophylline in drug samples by electrochemical method using Fe/MCM-41 modified electrode: Original scientific paper

Huynh  Thanh Danh; Nguyen Chi Bao; Pham Thi Huyen Thoa; Nguyen Quang Man; Pham Dinh Du; Dinh Quang Khieu

doi:10.5599/jese.3001

Authors

Huynh Thanh Danh University of Sciences, Hue University, Vietnam and Giong Rieng High School, An Giang province, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1239-641X
Nguyen Chi Bao Department of Science, Technology and International Relations, Hue University, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-3774
Pham Thi Huyen Thoa Department of Natural Sciences & Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6449-309X
Nguyen Quang Man University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-1236
Pham Dinh Du Thu Dau Mot University, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4144-4241
Dinh Quang Khieu University of Sciences, Hue University, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3473-6377

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5599/jese.3001

Keywords:

Electrochemical sensor, modified glassy carbon electrode, mesoporous silica, doped iron, simultaneous drug analysis, real samples

Abstract

In this study, we developed an electrochemical sensor based on an Fe/MCM-41 modified electrode for the simultaneous analysis of acetaminophen (AT) and theophylline (TP). The Fe/MCM-41 material was produced from diatomite silica and ferric chloride salts via a hydrothermal method. The synthesized material was characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX mapping, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. Results showed that the Fe/MCM-41 maintained its mesoporous structure, high surface area, and uniform dispersion of Fe ions. Electrochemical tests revealed that the Fe/MCM-41 electrode exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity and higher current responses for both analytes than the bare electrode. The two oxidation peaks of AT and TP were distinctly separated, enabling simultaneous quantification of drugs with high selectivity. The peak current increased linearly with AT and TP concentrations from 0.50 to 14.15 µM, with detection limits of 0.430 and 0.350 µM, respectively. Notably, the sensor was successfully used to analyze pharmaceutical formulations containing one or both active substances, with satisfactory recoveries. The results confirm that the Fe/MCM-41 electrode is a promising sensing platform for the simultaneous analysis of AT and TP, opening new possibilities for pharmaceutical testing.

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Determination of acetaminophen and theophylline in drug samples by electrochemical method using Fe/MCM-41 modified electrode

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