Instructions for Authors

• Manuscripts for submission
• Figures, Schemes, Sketches and Tables
• Naming, units and designations
• Organizing the Manuscript
• References
• Equations
• Artwork instructions
• Cover letter
• Graphical abstract

Each submission consists of three required items along with several optional ones. The required items are Manuscript, Graphical abstract and Cover letter. Please read below the instructions on how to prepare each submission item.

Manuscripts for submission
The manuscript should be uploaded as a single Word.doc .docx or .rtf file. Manuscripts must be typed in English, using a consistent standard of British or American English. The text should be double-spaced (1.5 line spacing) in 11-point Calibri font, with Greek letters from the Symbol character set. The manuscript should be formatted in A4 page size, with 2.0 cm wide margins. The use of the Microsoft Word template is strongly encouraged. Do not insert any graphics (schemes, figures, etc.) into a movable frame that can superimpose the text and make the layout very difficult (must be In „Line with Text“). For region-specific, nonstandard characters, please save documents with the "Embed fonts" Word option: Save as ‐> (Tools) ‐> Save Options… ‐> Embed fonts in the text.

Figures, Schemes, Sketches and Tables
Authors are encouraged to prepare illustrations in colour. Graphic objects and Tables must be numbered, each consecutively by Arabic numbers, with precise captions and Table titles supplied. They should be inserted into the main text. All table columns should have a heading cell that explains clearly the data filled in. Footnotes to table contents, in font size 10, are to be indicated consequently by superscripted small letters. Tables should be prepared with the MS Word “Insert table” tools. The position of Table columns must not be formatted using the space tab. Table rows must not be formatted using carriage returns (enter key). Tables must not be incorporated as graphic objects.
All Illustrations should be prepared according to the artwork instructions.

Naming, units and designations
IUPAC recommendations for the naming of compounds and physical quantities should be strictly followed. Avoid the use of the same abbreviation for different quantities. SI units, or other permissible units, should be used. The designation of physical quantities must be in italic throughout the text (including figures, tables and equations), whereas the units are in upright letters. They should be in Calibri font. In graphs and tables, the presentation of the numeric values of the variables should be mathematically correct (example: j / A m^-2, m / kg, T / K…). However, if the full name of a physical quantity is unavoidable, it should be given in upright letters and separated from the unit by a comma (example: Pressure, kPa; Temperature, K; Current density, mA cm^-2…). Any other designations are not acceptable. If the quantity presented at the graph axis or in the table heading requires additional explanations, this should be given in the caption or table title or footnote.
Latin words should be typed in italics, for example: i.e. in vivo, etc.

Use of the WORD Section break option is not permitted in the manuscript text.

Organising the Manuscript
First page
It should contain a clear and concise Title in bold letters (limited to 10 words). The use of abbreviations, symbols, and formulae should be avoided.

• Authors’ names with full first name and initials of further names separated by a space, followed by surname. If the authors are from different institutions, their affiliations should be indicated by an Arabic number placed in superscript after their surnames. Use an asterisk(s) to denote the corresponding author(s).
• Affiliations should be written in italic with the preceding Arabic number if many. The e-mail address(es) of the author(s) should be given after the affiliation(s).
• Abstract: An abstract of at least 200 words pointing to the brief and concise highlights of the article should be supplied.
• Keywords: Up to 6 keywords separated by a semicolon should be given. Do not use words appearing in the manuscript title.
• Running title: A one-line (maximum five words) short title should be provided.

Main text
The main text should follow the standard format: Introduction, Experimental, Results and Discussion, and Conclusions.
Subsection headings should be given in separate lines and typed in italic small letters.

• The introduction should include the research aim and a concise description of the topic, accompanied by relevant references to related studies.
• The experimental section should provide clear and reproducible details about the experimental work and methods applied, as well as information on the instruments used.
• The Results and discussion should include the results obtained and their significance, which is discussed and compared to relevant literature data. Separating Results and Discussion into separate subsections is acceptable.
• The conclusion section should briefly summarise the main outcomes of the paper and the future perspective of the research.

Conflict of interest
A statement of the conflict of interest must explicitly declare whether such conflict does or does not exist.

Acknowledgment(s)

Funding
If the presented research was funded by any organisation or institution, this should be stated. Otherwise, state that there is no funding.

References
References should be numbered sequentially as they appear in the text. EndNote reference formatting style is available for download. Mendeley users could use this style for reference formatting.
Reference numbers should be placed in square brackets [ ] and placed before the punctuation. In the reference list, they should be in normal position, following the corresponding number in square brackets, and end with a full stop. Reference entry must not be formatted using Carriage returns (enter key) or multiple space. The formatting of references to published work should be as follows:

• Journals: [1] A. B. Surname1, C. D. Surname2, Article title, Full Journal Title Vol (Year) first‐last page number* https://dx.doi.org/doi.**
• Books: [2] A. B. Surname1, C. D. Surname2, Name of Book, Publisher, City, Country, Year, p. 100 https://dx.doi.org/doi.**
• Compilations: [3] A. B. Surname1, C. D. Surname2, Name of Chapter, in Name of Compilation, A.B. Editor1, C.D. Editor2, Ed(s)., Publisher, City, Country, Year, p. 100 https://dx.doi.org/doi.**
• Proceedings: [4] A. B. Surname1, C. D. Surname2, Name of the Conference or Symposium, Title of the Proceeding, Place of the Conference, Country, Year, p. 100 (or abstract No.).
• Websites: [5] Title of the website, URL in full (date accessed).
• Patents: [6] A. B. Inventor1, C. D. Inventor2, (Holder), Country Code and patent number (registration year). URL
• Standards: [7] EN ISO 250: Name of the Standard (Year). URL

jESE citation style can be found in the Mendeley reference management software (www.mendeley.com) and could be downloaded from here. The EndNote reference formatting style can be downloaded from here.

The original journal title is to be retained in the case of publications published in any language other than English (please denote the language in parentheses after the reference). Titles of publications in non‐Latin alphabets should be transliterated.

Mathematical and chemical equations must be numbered consecutively in parentheses at the end of the line, using Arabic numbers. All equations should be embedded in the text and prepared with the aid of the WORD Equation editor or MathType. Using the equation editor within a paragraph is not allowed. Do not use the equation editor for simple equations and formulas (on one line); instead, create them as plain text.

Latin words, as well as the names of species, should be in italics, for example: i.e., e.g., in vivo, ibid, Calendula officinalis L., etc. The branching of the organic compound should also be indicated in italic, for example, n-butanol, tert-butanol, etc.

Confirmation of co-authorship
Each author must confirm their co-authorship via ORCiD identifiers, as indicated in the message each author receives after submission or during the copyediting procedure. The paper cannot be published until all authors have confirmed their co-authorship in this way. Submission of an ORCID to the editorial office does not constitute confirmation of co-authorship.

Artwork instructions
Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering accepts only TIF, JPEG, GIF or PNG formats of illustrations; those edited within MS files (Word, PowerPoint, Excel, Visio) ARE NOT acceptable. Scanned instrument data sheets are also not acceptable. Authors are fully responsible for the quality of their submitted artwork. Generally, all common artwork and graphic creation software are capable of saving files in the mentioned formats. This 'option' can normally be found under the 'Save As...' or 'Export...' commands in the 'File' menu. Preferred formats are .jpg, .tif, and .png.
Resolution
When supplying graphic files, please ensure that the files are supplied in the correct resolution:

1. Line artwork: minimum of 1000 dpi
2. RGB image: minimum of 300 dpi
3. Greyscale image: minimum of 300 dpi
4. Combined artwork (line/greyscale/RGB): minimum of 300 dpi

Sizing of Artwork

• jESE aspires to have a uniform look for all artwork contained in a single article. Hence, it is essential to be aware of the journal's style.
• As a general rule, the lettering on artwork should have a finished, printed size of 11 pt for normal text and no smaller than 7 pt for subscript and superscript characters. Smaller lettering will yield barely legible text. This is a guideline rather than a strict rule. There are instances where other factors in the artwork (for example, tints and shadings) dictate a finished size of perhaps 10 pt. Lines should be at least 1.5 pt thickness.
• When deciding on the size of a line art graphic, in addition to the lettering, several other factors must be considered. These factors all have an impact on the reproducibility and readability of the final artwork. Every relevant detail in the illustration, the graph symbols (squares, triangles, circles, etc.) and a key to the diagram (to explain the graph symbols used) must be discernible.
• The sizing of halftones (photographs and micrographs) normally causes more problems than line art. It is sometimes difficult to know what an author is trying to emphasise in a photograph, so you can help us by identifying the important parts of the image, perhaps by highlighting the relevant areas on it. The best advice that can be given is not to over‐reduce halftones. Attention should also be paid to magnification factors or scale bars on the artwork and they should be compared with the details inside. If a set of artwork contains more than one halftone, ensure consistency in size between similar diagrams.

General sizing of illustrations that can be used for the jESE:

• Small figure size ‐ 60 mm width
• Medium figure size ‐ 90 mm width
• Large figure size ‐ 120 mm width

Cover letter
A cover letter to the Editor must be supplied along with the manuscript. The cover letter provides a brief explanation of the manuscript's scientific outcome and highlights the significance of the reported results. It must clearly state that the manuscript concerns original, unpublished results and that it is not simultaneously under consideration by any other scientific journal for publication. Additionally, three potential referees must be listed in the letter.

Graphical abstract
A graphical abstract is a one-image file containing the main depiction of the author's work and/or conclusion and must be supplied along with the manuscript. It must enable readers to quickly gain the main message of the paper and to encourage browsing, and help readers identify which papers are most relevant to their research interests.

Authors must provide an image that clearly represents the research described in the paper. The most relevant figure from the work, which summarises the content, can also be submitted. The image should be submitted as a separate file in Step 2.

Specifications: The graphical abstract should have a clear start and end, reading from top to bottom or left to right. Please omit unnecessary distractions as much as possible.

• Image size: minimum of 800x450 pixels (WxH) and a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. If a larger image is sent, please use the same ratio: 16:9 wide x high. Please note that your image will be scaled proportionally to fit in the available window in TOC, a 200x112 pixel rectangle. Please note that the quality of an image cannot be increased by changing the resolution from lower to higher; it can only be improved by rescanning or exporting the image with a higher resolution, which can be set in the usual "settings" option.
• Font: Please use Calibri and Symbol font with a large enough font size, so it is readable even from the image of a smaller size (200 x 112 px) in the TOC.
• File type: JPG or PNG only.

No additional text, outline, or synopsis should be included. Please do not use white space or any heading within the image.

The manuscripts not prepared according to the instructions will be returned to the authors for correction.