Voltammetric determination of cysteamine at the surface of a quinizarine/Bi2S3 nanorod-modified carbon paste electrode

Original scientific paper

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5599/jese.3651

Keywords:

Transition metal sulfide, cystinosis, aminothiol, chemically modified electrode

Abstract

Bi2S3 nanorods and quinizarine (QZ) were used to chemically modify a carbon-paste electrode (CPE) (QZ/Bi2S3 NRs/CPE). This was employed as an electrochemical sensor to measure trace levels of cysteamine (CYST). Because of a significant reduction in anodic overpotentials, QZ/Bi2S3 NRs/CPE demonstrated effective electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of CYST. Using differential pulse voltammetry, the linear range of CYST concen­tration under ideal conditions was 0.5 to 500.0 µM, and the detection limit was 0.1 µM. The modified CPE was used to determine CYST in urine and pharmaceutical samples.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

[1] J. Raghav, V. Chavda, S. Raghav, W. Kim, V.S. Pandey, Transition metal sulfides for seawater electrolysis: challenges, advances, and engineering strategies for enhanced hydrogen production, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 1080 (2026) 190495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.190495 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.190495

[2] H. Li, F. Tian, H. Zhu, S. Du, J. Yang, J. Li, Z. Ye, B. Li, X. Liu, Synergistic effects of copper/nitrogen co-doping in molybdenum sulfide for enhanced supercapacitor performance, Journal of Energy Storage 152 (2026) 120612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2026.120612 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2026.120612

[3] G. Ye, L. Wan, J. Zhao, Construction of nickel manganese phosphide@ iron cobalt nickel sulfide heterostructure via interfacial synergy for durable supercapacitors, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 724 (2026) 141257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2026.141257 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2026.141257

[4] M. A. Rahman, M. A. Haque, M. A. Shaikh, C. K. Roy, A. H. Reaz, M. T. Shawon, P. K. Baksi, S. Yasmin, M. H. Kabir, S. H. Won, T. W. Kim, Titanium sulfide thin film coated titanium foil for high-performance symmetric supercapacitor, Journal of Energy Storage 99 (2024) 113205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2024.113205 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2024.113205

[5] G. Nie, X. Lu, J. Lei, L. Yang, C. Wang, Facile and controlled synthesis of bismuth sulfide nanorods-reduced graphene oxide composites with enhanced supercapacitor performance, Electrochimica Acta 154 (2015) 24-30. 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.12.090 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2014.12.090

[6] [6] A. Santoro, Y.V. Ferrara, A. De Angelis, Therapeutic strategies in cystinosis: A focus on cysteamine and beyond, Experimental and Molecular Pathology 144 (2025) 104995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104995 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104995

[7] R. Kleta, W.A. Gahl, Pharmacological treatment of nephropathic cystinosis with cysteamine, Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 5 (2004) 2255-2262. https://doi.org/10.1517/14656566.5.11.2255 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1517/14656566.5.11.2255

[8] K. Ngamdee, S. Kulchat, T. Tuntulani, W. Ngeontae, Fluorescence sensor based on D-penicillamine capped cadmium sulfide quantum dots for the detection of cysteamine, Journal of Luminescence 187 (2017) 260-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2017.03.016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2017.03.016

[9] A. Z. Carvalho, J. Pauwels, B. De Greef, A. K. Vynckier, W. Yuqi, J. Hoogmartens, A. Van Schepdael, Capillary electrophoresis method development for determination of impurities in sodium cysteamine phosphate samples, Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 42 (2006) 120-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2005.12.017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2005.12.017

[10] J. Ogony, S. Mare, W. Wu, N. Ercal, High performance liquid chromatography analysis of 2-mercaptoethylamine (cysteamine) in biological samples by derivatization with N-(1-pyrenyl) maleimide (NPM) using fluorescence detection, Journal of Chromatography B 843 (2006) 57-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.05.027

[11] [11] J. Ogony, S. Mare, W. Wu, N. Ercal, High performance liquid chromatography analysis of 2-mercaptoethylamine (cysteamine) in biological samples by derivatization with N-(1-pyrenyl) maleimide (NPM) using fluorescence detection, Journal of Chromatography B 843 (2006) 57-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.05.027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.05.027

[12] S. Dogra, J. K. Rajput, Adenine-originated N-doped C3N4 modified glassy carbon electrode for ultra-sensitive electrochemical quantification of cysteamine drug, Microchemical Journal 207 (2024) 112106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2024.112106 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2024.112106

[13] R. Rejithamol, P. R. Keerthi, S. Beena, A novel disposable pencil graphite electrode for the voltammetric determination of cysteamine, Materials Today: Proceedings 18 (2019) 5081-5086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.07.504 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.07.504

[14] M. Keyvanfard, M. Ahmadi, F. Karimi, K. Alizad, Voltammetric determination of cysteamine at multiwalled carbon nanotubes paste electrode in the presence of isoproterenol as a mediator. Chinese Chemical Letters 25 (2014) 1244-1246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2014.05.018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2014.05.018

[15] H. Karimi-Maleh, P. Biparva, M. Hatami, A novel modified carbon paste electrode based on NiO/CNTs nanocomposite and (9, 10-dihydro-9, 10-ethanoanthracene-11, 12-dicarboximido)-4-ethylbenzene-1, 2-diol as a mediator for simultaneous determination of cysteamine, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and folic acid, Biosensors and Bioelectronics 48 (2013) 270-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2013.04.029 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2013.04.029

[16] A. Taherkhani, H. Karimi-Maleh, A.A. Ensafi, H. Beitollahi, A. Hosseini, M.A. Khalilzadeh, H. Bagheri, Simultaneous determination of cysteamine and folic acid in pharmaceutical and biological samples using modified multiwall carbon nanotube paste electrode, Chinese Chemical Letters 23 (2012) 237-240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2011.10.023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2011.10.023

[17] A. Obaid Imarah, N. Hasan, M.G. Alabbasi, ZnO-modified carbon paste electrode for electrochemical sensing of dopamine in the presence of tyrosine, ADMET and DMPK 13 (2025) 3010. https://doi.org/10.5599/admet.3010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5599/admet.3010

[18] A. G. Bindu, R. S. Bhat, Electrochemical investigation of brucine using zinc zirconium iron chromium oxide nano composites through voltammetric methods by carbon paste electrode, Electrochimica Acta (2026)148950. 10.1016/j.electacta.2026.148950 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2026.148950

[19] S. Battira Madappa, J. G. Manjunatha, Electrochemical sensing and quantification of theobromine in cocoa products at polyvaline functionalized graphite paste sensor electrode, ADMET and DMPK 13 (2025) 2928. https://doi.org/10.5599/admet.2928 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5599/admet.2928

[20] A. J. Bard, L. R. Faulkner, H. S. White, Electrochemical methods: fundamentals and applications. John Wiley & Sons. 2022. https://www.wiley.com/en-gb/shop/general-chemistry/electrochemical-methods-fundamentals-and-applications-3rd-edition-p-9781119334057

[21] E. Laviron, General expression of the linear potential sweep voltammogram in the case of diffusionless electrochemical systems. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, 101 (1979) 19-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(79)80075-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(79)80075-3

Downloads

Published

19-10-2026

Issue

Section

Electroanalytical chemistry

How to Cite

Voltammetric determination of cysteamine at the surface of a quinizarine/Bi2S3 nanorod-modified carbon paste electrode: Original scientific paper. (2026). Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering, 16, Article 3651. https://doi.org/10.5599/jese.3651