Exploring the effects of lithium excess on LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 prepared from a commercial Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1(OH)2 precursor

Original scientific paper

Authors

  • Nur Anna Lia Centre for Functional Materials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5721-6473
  • Muhd Firdaus Kasim Centre for Functional Materials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3217-1413
  • Kelimah Elong Centre for Functional Materials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3039-8251
  • Farish Irfal Saaid Centre for Functional Materials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9770-8674
  • Maziidah Hamidi Centre for Functional Materials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5300-5858
  • Lailatul Isti'adzah Centre for Functional Materials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4809-9990
  • Azira Azahidi Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2490-3189
  • Nurul Atikah Mohd Mokhtar Cell and Battery Test & Development, Global Development Campus, Dyson Manufacturing Sdn Bhd, 81400 Senai, Johor, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4483-6411
  • Muhamad Kamil Yaakob School of Physics and Material Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2871-4561

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5599/jese.2979

Keywords:

Lithium-ion battery, Ni-rich cathode materials, Rietveld refinement, cation mixing, NMC

Abstract

Optimizing the electrochemical performance of nickel-rich cathode materials, specifically Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1(OH)2 (NMC811) precursors, involves careful adjustment of several factors, including modification, calcination temperature and lithium content. In this study, we explored the influence of lithium content on the structural, morphological and electro­chemical performances of LixNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2, by varying 5, 10, 15 and 20 mol.% of Li excess. An appropriate amount of Li was found to suppress cation mixing effectively. Rietveld refinement showed that increasing Li content gradually reduced cation mixing by enhancing the occupancy of Li⁺ ions at the 3a sites, thereby hindering Ni²⁺ migration. Although a higher Li addition (20 mol.%) induced a slight lattice contraction, it exhibited the highest c/a ratio (the ratio of the lattice parameters c and a in the layered hexagonal structure), indicative of a well-ordered layered structure. Furthermore, Li exceeded 20 mol.% suppressed the H2/H3 phase transition, contributing to greater structural stability during cycling. While 15 mol.% Li excess achieved the highest initial discharge capacity (185.42 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C), 20 mol.% Li excess exhibited superior capacity retention (82.05 % over 80 cycles at 0.1 C). These results demonstrate the critical role of lithium stoichiometry in maintaining structural integrity and electrochemical stability of Ni-rich NMC cathodes, offering valuable insights for the design of high-performance lithium-ion batteries.

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Published

05-12-2025

Issue

Vol. 16 (2026)

Section

Batteries and supercapacitors

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Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Anna Lia, Muhd Firdaus Kasim, Kelimah Elong, Farish Irfal Saaid, Maziidah Hamidi, Lailatul Isti'adzah, Azira Azahidi, Nurul Atikah Mohd Mokhtar, Muhamad Kamil Yaakob

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How to Cite

Exploring the effects of lithium excess on LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 prepared from a commercial Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1(OH)2 precursor: Original scientific paper. (2025). Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering, 16, Article 2979. https://doi.org/10.5599/jese.2979

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