Ion-imprinted polyaniline-based polymer for selective electrochemical detection of cadmium: Original scientific paper

Eldhose V. Varghese; Roshny  Roy; Carsten  Schwandt; Praveen C. Ramamurthy; Alex Joseph

doi:10.5599/jese.2729

Authors

Eldhose V. Varghese Department of Chemistry, Newman College, Thodupuzha, 685585, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2861-2247
Roshny Roy Department of Chemistry, Newman College, Thodupuzha, 685585, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1684-8498
Carsten Schwandt Advanced Materials Center & Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6145-1230
Praveen C. Ramamurthy Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1880-5889
Alex Joseph Department of Chemistry, Newman College, Thodupuzha, 685585, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-0891

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5599/jese.2729

Keywords:

Functionalization, ion-imprinted polymer, electrochemical sensor, selectivity

Abstract

An electrochemical sensor based on ion-imprinted functionalized polyaniline has been fabricated and tested for the electrochemical sensing of cadmium in aqueous solution. The synthesis of the polymer was started by copolymerizing anthranilic acid and
2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl) aniline in the presence of Cd²⁺ ions as the target analyte and followed by acid leaching out the analyte to obtain the ion-imprinted polymer (IIP). The synthesized IIP was examined for its structural, crystallographic and morphological characteristics using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The IIP has been used to modify a carbon paste electrode (CPE), and the IIP-modified CPE was tested for the sensitive and selective detection of Cd²⁺ ions in aqueous solution. The key electrode preparation parameters, i.e. Cd deposition potential, pH of deposition solution, deposition time, and thickness of active layer, were optimized using pulse voltammetric stripping analysis to achieve maximum performance. Electrochemical investigations with the optimized IIP-modified CPE revealed a high sensitivity for Cd²⁺ ions as well as a high selectivity in the presence of potentially interfering ions. Reproducibility and repeatability of the electrode were assessed and found to be satisfactory.

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Ion-imprinted polyaniline-based polymer for selective electrochemical detection of cadmium

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