Bismuth-infused manganese molybdate nanostructures: a robust electrochemical platform for ultrasensitive uric acid detection

Original scientific paper

Authors

  • Chandraju Siddegowda Chidan Kumar Department of Basic Science, Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering & Technology, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Alanahalli, Mysuru 570028, Karnataka, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8238-1895
  • Kuppahalli Sudarshan Mahesh Lohith Department of Physics, ATME College of Engineering, 13th KM Stone, Mysuru-Bannur Road, Mysuru 570028, Karnataka, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3457-040X
  • Mudaganduru Nagaraja Ramachandra Department of Physics, ATME College of Engineering, 13th KM Stone, Mysuru-Bannur Road, Mysuru 570028, Karnataka, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7373-8047
  • Mezna Saleh Altowyan Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7038-8018
  • Payyanur Sumesh Department of Basic Science, Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering & Technology, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Alanahalli, Mysuru 570028, Karnataka, India https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0822-5521
  • Yarehalli Honnappa Pavithra Department of Studies and Research in Chemistry, Tumkur University, Tumkur 572103, India https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9454-7320
  • Siddegowda Chandraju Department of Chemistry, Sir MVPG Center, Tubinakere, Mandya University, Mandya 571402, Karnataka, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3596-7230

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5599/jese.3475

Keywords:

MnMoO4 nanoparticles, solution combustion, carbon paste electrode, electrochemical sensing

Abstract

Sensitive and real-time monitoring of uric acid (UA) is essential for the effective management of metabolic disorders such as hyperuricemia and Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. Herein, MnMoO4 (MMO) and bismuth-doped MnMoO4 (BMMO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via a combustion method and employed to fabricate MMO-ME and BMMO-ME electrochemical sensors. Bi3+ incorporation was associated with lattice distortion and improved electro­chemical charge-transfer characteristics, as evidenced by the electrochemical measurements. Electrochemical studies revealed a diffusion-controlled, proton-coupled UA oxidation process with optimal response at physiological pH (7.0), while NP loading optimization identified 4 mg as the ideal composition. Compared to MMO-ME, the BMMO-ME electrode exhibited higher anodic current and lower peak-to-peak separation, and faster electron-transfer kinetics due to the synergistic bimetallic effect. Differential pulse voltam­metry enabled ultrasensitive UA detection over a wide linear range (10 to 60 nM) with low detection limits of 5.0 (MMO-ME) and 4.5 nM (BMMO-ME). Both sensors demonstrated excellent stability, repeatability and reproducibility (RSD < 2 %), while BMMO-ME showed superior resistance to surface fouling. Accurate UA recovery (98 to 103 %) from tap water confirmed practical applicability. Overall, this work highlights Bi-induced defect engineering as an effective strategy to activate MMO and establishes BMMO-ME as a robust, sensitive, and reliable platform for real-time UA biosensing.

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Published

23-08-2026

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Vol. 16 (2026)

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Electroanalytical chemistry

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Copyright (c) 2026 Chandraju Siddegowda Chidan Kumar, Kuppahalli Sudarshan Mahesh Lohith, Mudaganduru Nagaraja Ramachandra, Mezna Saleh Altowyan , Payyanur Sumesh, Yarehalli Honnappa Pavithra, Siddegowda Chandraju

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Bismuth-infused manganese molybdate nanostructures: a robust electrochemical platform for ultrasensitive uric acid detection: Original scientific paper. (2026). Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering, 16, Article 3475. https://doi.org/10.5599/jese.3475