Synergistic effects of NH2-MIL-101(Fe) metal-organic framework and Pd nanoparticles for sensitive determination of norepine­phrine in the presence of acetaminophen

Original scientific paper

Authors

  • Shaimaa A. Jadoo University of Baghdad, College of Education for Pure Science- Ibn Alhaitham, Department of Chemistry, Baghdad, Iraq https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3359-0529
  • Azhar Farooq University of Baghdad, College of Education for Pure Science- Ibn Alhaitham, Department of Chemistry, Baghdad, Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0564-6911
  • Israa M Radhi University of Baghdad, College of Education for Pure Science- Ibn Alhaitham, Department of Chemistry, Baghdad, Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-4177
  • Hanadi A. Fadhil University of Baghdad, College of Education for Pure Science- Ibn Alhaitham, Department of Chemistry, Baghdad, Iraq https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2266-9509
  • Juman A. Naser University of Baghdad, College of Education for Pure Science- Ibn Alhaitham, Department of Chemistry, Baghdad, Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2319-5384

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5599/jese.3189

Keywords:

Electrochemical sensor, screen-printed electrode, nanoparticles, norepine¬phrine, acetaminophen

Abstract

An electrochemical sensor based on an amino-functionalized iron NH2-MIL-101(Fe) metal-organic framework (MOF)/Pd nanoparticles (NPs) composite-modified screen-printed elec­trode (SPE) is prepared for the simultaneous determination of norepinephrine (NEPI) and acetaminophen (ACP). The NH2-MIL-101(Fe) MOF/Pd NPs/SPE electrochemical sensor shows a significant enhancement in the response peak current of NEPI, as compared to bare SPE. This suggests that the unique features of NH2-MIL-101(Fe) MOF/Pd NPs composite-mo­di­fied SPE improve the electro­catalytic oxidation of NEPI. Such a synergistic effect bet­ween NH2-MIL-101(Fe) MOF and Pd NPs results in a significant enhancement in the res­pon­se, where the MOF's high surface area combines with the high electron-transfer rate and the abundance of catalytically active sites afforded by the Pd NPs. The differential pulse vol­tam­metry (DPV) method was obtained for quantitative determination of NEPI and high sen­sitivity was observed in NEPI determination with the calibration slope of 0.0327, µA µM-1. The developed NH2-MIL-101(Fe) MOF/Pd NPs/SPE sensor presents a low limit of detection of 0.007 µM toward NEPI determination. The developed NH2-MIL-101(Fe) MOF/Pd NPs/SPE sensor shows a good catalytic activity for the oxidation of NEPI and ACP, with anodic peak potentials of 360 and 550 mV, respectively. The separation of anodic peak potential is sufficient to enable simultaneous determination. Finally, the suggested sensing platform has confirmed suitable for the simultaneous determination of NEPI and ACP in real samples (pharmaceutical formulations and urine samples), achieving recovery values ranging from 97.1 to 104.4 % with relative standard deviations ≤3.6 %.

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Published

03-04-2026

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Vol. 16 (2026)

Section

Electroanalytical chemistry

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Copyright (c) 2026 Shaimaa A. Jadoo, Azhar Farooq, Israa M Radhi, Hanadi A. Fadhil, Juman A. Naser

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How to Cite

Synergistic effects of NH2-MIL-101(Fe) metal-organic framework and Pd nanoparticles for sensitive determination of norepine­phrine in the presence of acetaminophen: Original scientific paper. (2026). Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering, 16, Article 3189. https://doi.org/10.5599/jese.3189

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